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In the Energy section the company was criticized by Greenpeace for not seeking external verification for its data on greenhouse gas GHG emissions, for not having a clean electricity plan and for not setting a target to reduce GHG emissions. Retrieved August 17, 2013. Also in February 2017, analyst firm 451 Research released a report on BlackBerry's improved financial position and product focus.\
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BlackBerry Limited is a Canadian company specializing in enterprise software and the. Originally known as Research In Motion RIM , it is best known to the general public as the former developer of the brand of , and. It transitioned to an enterprise software and services company under CEO John S. Its products are used worldwide by various businesses, car makers, and government agencies, and include the AtHoc crisis communications platform, the QNX real-time operating system, and BlackBerry UEM, an endpoint management platform. BlackBerry was founded in 1984 as Research In Motion by and. In 1992, Lazaridis hired , and Lazaridis and Balsillie served as co- until January 22, 2012. In November 2013, took over as CEO. His initial strategy was to subcontract manufacturing to , and to focus on software technology. Currently, his strategy includes forming licensing partnerships with device manufacturers such as and unifying BlackBerry's software portfolio. BlackBerry Limited Logo as Research In Motion, used prior to January 30, 2013 Research In Motion Limited was founded in March 1984 by and Douglas Fregin. At the time, Lazaridis was an engineering student at the while Fregin was an engineering student at the. In 1988, RIM became the first wireless data technology developer in North America and the first company outside Scandinavia to develop connectivity products for Mobitex wireless packet-switched data communications networks. In 1990, RIM introduced the DigiSync Film KeyKode Reader. In 1991, RIM introduced the first Mobitex protocol converter. In 1992, RIM introduced the first Mobitex point-of-sale solution, a protocol converter box that interfaced with existing point-of-sale terminal equipment to enable wireless communication. In 1993, RIM introduced the RIMGate, the first general-purpose Mobitex X. In the same year, RIM launched Ericsson Mobidem AT and Intel wireless modem containing RIM modem firmware. In 1994, RIM introduced the first Mobitex mobile point-of-sale terminal. In the same year, RIM received the Emmy Award for Technical Innovation and the KPMG High Technology Award. In 1995, RIM introduced Freedom, the first Type II PCMCIA radio modem for Mobitex. In 1995, RIM was financed by Canadian institutional and venture capital investors through a private placement in the privately held company. Working Ventures Canadian Fund Inc. In 1996, RIM introduced the Inter ctive Pager, the first two-way messaging pager, and the RIM 900 OEM radio modem. The company worked with and to turn the Ericsson-developed wireless data network into a two-way and e-mail. Pivotal in this development was the release of the 950, which started shipping in August 1998. About the size of a bar of soap, this device competed against the Skytel two-way paging network developed by. In 1999, RIM introduced the BlackBerry 850 pager. Named in reference to the resemblance of its keyboard's keys to the of the fruit, the device could receive from a using its complementary server software, BES. The introduction of the BlackBerry set the stage for future -oriented products from the company, such as the BlackBerry 957 in April 2000, the first BlackBerry. The platform and BES continued to increase in functionality—while the incorporation of and support helped BlackBerry devices gain increased usage by governments and businesses. During fiscal 1999-2001, total assets declared in the RIM's balance sheet grew eight-fold due to massive capacity expansion. The introduction of the Pearl series was highly successful, as was the subsequent Curve 8300 series and Bold 9000. Extensive carrier partnerships fuelled the rapid expansion of BlackBerry users globally in both enterprise and consumer markets. Despite the arrival of the first Apple iPhone in 2007, BlackBerry sustained unprecedented market share growth well into 2011. The Storm sold well but suffered from mixed to poor reviews and poor customer satisfaction. The iPhone initially lagged behind the BlackBerry in both shipments and active users, due to RIM's head start and larger carrier distribution network. In the United States, the BlackBerry user base peaked at approximately 21 million users in the fall of 2010. That quarter, the company's global subscriber base stood at 36 million users. As the iPhone and Google Android accelerated growth in the United States, the BlackBerry began to turn to other smartphone platforms. Nonetheless, the BlackBerry line as a whole continued to enjoy success, spurred on by strong international growth. As of December 1, 2012, the company had 79 million BlackBerry users globally with only 9 million remaining in the United States. Even as the company continued to grow worldwide, investors and media became increasingly alarmed about the company's ability to compete with devices from rival mobile operating systems iOS and Android. Analysts were also worried about the strategic direction of the co-CEOs' management structure. In June 2014, CNN released an article citing BlackBerry as one of six endangered US-Canadian brands. Following numerous attempts to upgrade their existing Java platform, the company made numerous acquisitions to help it create a new, more powerful BlackBerry platform, centered around its recently acquired. In March 2011, Research In Motion Ltd. The initial launch date was seen in retrospect as too ambitious, and hurt the company's credibility at a time when its existing aging products steadily lost market share. On September 27, 2010, RIM announced the long-rumoured , the first product running on the new QNX platform known as. The BlackBerry PlayBook was officially released to U. The PlayBook was criticized for being rushed to market in an incomplete state and sold poorly. Primary competition The primary competitors of the BlackBerry are smartphones running and the , with Microsoft's platform emerging as a more recent competitor. For a number of years, the BlackBerry was the leading smartphone in many markets, particularly the United States. The arrival of the Apple iPhone and later Google's Android platform caused a slowdown in BlackBerry growth and a decline in sales in some markets, most notably the United States. This led to negative media and analyst sentiment over the company's ability to continue as an independent company. While BlackBerry sales continued to grow, the newer iPhone grew at a faster rate and the 87 percent drop in BlackBerry's stock price between 2010 and 2013 is primarily attributed to the performance of the iPhone handset. The first three models of the iPhone introduced in 2007 generally lagged behind the BlackBerry in sales, as RIM had major advantages in carrier and enterprise support; however, Apple continued gaining market share. In October 2008, Apple briefly passed RIM in quarterly sales when they announced they had sold 6. Though Apple's iPhone sales declined to 4. Apple's iPhone began to sell more phones quarterly than the BlackBerry in 2010, brought on by the release of the. In the United States, the BlackBerry hit its peak in September 2010, when almost 22 million users, or 37% of the 58. BlackBerry then began to decline in use in the United States, with Apple's installed base in the United States finally passing BlackBerry in April 2011. Sales of the iPhone continued to accelerate, as did the Smartphone market, while the BlackBerry began to lose users continuously in the United States. By February 2016, only 1. Google's Android mobile operating system, running on hardware by a range of manufacturers including , , , , and many others ramped up the competition for BlackBerry. In January 2010, barely 3 million 7. Within a single year Android had passed the installed base of the BlackBerry in the United States. By February 2016, only 1. While RIM's secure encrypted network was attractive to corporate customers, their handsets were sometimes considered less attractive to consumers than iPhone and Android smartphones. Developers often developed consumer applications for those platforms and not the BlackBerry. During 2010s, even enterprise customers had begun to adopt policies due to employee feedback. The company also faced criticism that its hardware and operating system were outdated and unappealing compared to the competition and that the browsing capabilities were poorer. In September 2011, the company's BlackBerry Internet Service suffered a massive outage, impacting millions of customers for several days. The outage embarrassingly occurred as Apple prepared to launch the iPhone 4S, causing fears of mass defections from the platform. Shortly afterwards, in October 2011, RIM unveiled BBX, a new platform for future BlackBerry smartphones that would be based on the same QNX-based platform as the PlayBook. However, due to an accusation of regarding the name BBX, the platform was renamed BlackBerry 10. The task proved to be daunting, with the company delaying the launch in December 2011 to some time in 2012. On January 22, 2012, Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie resigned as the CEOs of the company, handing the reins over to executive. On March 29, 2012, the company reported its first net loss in years. BlackBerry 10 After much criticism and numerous delays, RIM officially launched BlackBerry 10 and two new smartphones based off the platform, the and , on January 30, 2013. The BlackBerry Z10, the first BlackBerry smartphone running BlackBerry 10, debuted worldwide in January 2013, going on sale immediately in the U. A marked departure from previous BlackBerry phones, the Z10 featured a fully touch-based design, a dual-core processor, and a high-definition display. BlackBerry 10 had 70,000 applications available at launch, which the company expected would rise to 100,000 by the time the device made its debut in the United States. In support of the launch, the company aired its first Super Bowl television advertisement in the U. We looked at it seriously—but if you understand what the promise of BlackBerry is to its user base it's all about getting stuff done. Games, media, we have to be good at it but we have to support those guys who are ahead of the game. Very little time to consume and enjoy content—if you stay true to that purpose you have to build on that basis. And if we want to serve that segment we can't do it on a me-too approach. The carriers are behind us. During the BlackBerry 10 launch event, the company also announced that it would change its public brand from Research In Motion to BlackBerry. While a shareholder vote on an official name change to BlackBerry Limited will be held at its next , its on the TSX and NASDAQ changed to BB and BBRY respectively on February 4, 2013. These alternatives could include, among others, possible joint ventures, strategic partnerships or alliances, a sale of the Company or other possible transactions. Also on August 12, 2013, foremost shareholder Prem Watsa resigned from BlackBerry's board. On September 20, 2013, the company announced it would lay off 4,500 staff and take a 1 billion operating loss. This deal was also confirmed by Watsa. On September 29, 2013, the company began operating a direct sales model for customers in the United States, where unlocked Q10 and Z10 smartphones were sold directly from the BlackBerry website. On October 15, 2013, the company published an open letter in 30 publications in nine countries to reassure customers that BlackBerry would continue to operate. At the same time, BlackBerry installed as CEO to replace the laid-off Heins. According to the Globe and Mail, BlackBerry's hope was that Chen, with his reputation as a turnaround artist, could save the company. Gold Associates Principal Analyst Jack Gold told the publication. With the right team and the right strategy in place, I am confident that we will rebuild BlackBerry for the benefit of all our constituencies. In May 2014, the low-cost BlackBerry Z3 was introduced onto the Indonesian market, where the brand had been particularly popular. The budget handset was produced in partnership with Taiwanese manufacturer Foxconn Technology Group, which handled the design and distribution of the product. We feel pretty good about where we are. Chen did not provide sales figures for the Z3 phone in Indonesia. In September 2015, Chen unveiled the , a keyboard-slider smartphone utilizing the operating system with BlackBerry-developed software enhancements, including a secure bootloader, full-disk encryption, integrity protection, and the BlackBerry HUB. Strategic Acquisitions During this time, BlackBerry also expanded its software and services offerings with several key acquisitions. These included file security firm WatchDox, crisis communications leader AtHoc, and rival EMM vendor Good Technology. The products offered by these firms were gradually re-branded and integrated into BlackBerry's own portfolio. It remained ambivalent about the company's outlook overall. In January 2016, Chen stated that BlackBerry did not plan on developing any new devices running BlackBerry 10 and that the company would release two new Android devices at most during 2016. BlackBerry also announced the release of the Good Secure EMM Suites, consolidating WatchDox and Good Technology's products into several tiered offerings alongside its existing software. Hardware Licensing Partnerships BlackBerry announced the , a mid-range Android smartphone, on July 26, 2016. Unlike the Priv, the DTEK50 was a re-branded version of an existing smartphone, the as manufactured by , one of the company's hardware partners. It was to be the second-last phone ever developed in-house at BlackBerry, followed by the in October 2016 - on September 28, 2016, BlackBerry announced that it would cease in-house hardware development to focus on software, delegating development, design, and manufacturing of its devices to third-party partners. The first of these partners was BB Merah Putih, a joint venture in Indonesia. On December 15, 2016, BlackBerry announced that it had reached a long-term deal with TCL to continue producing BlackBerry-branded smartphones for sale outside of Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. This partnership was followed by an agreement with Optiemus Infracom on February 6, 2017 to produce devices throughout India and neighboring markets including Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Since the partnerships were announced, TCL has released the BlackBerry KeyONE and BB Merah Putih has released the BlackBerry Aurora. Cybersecurity Consulting In February 2016, BlackBerry acquired UK-based cybersecurity firm Encription, with the intention of branching out into the security consulting business. It later released BlackBerry SHIELD, an IT risk assessment program for its corporate clients. In April 2017, BlackBerry's cybersecurity division partnered with Allied World Assurance Company Holdings, a global insurance and reinsurance provider. This agreement saw BlackBerry's SHIELD self-assessment tool integrated into Allied World's FrameWRX cyber risk management solution. BlackBerry Secure On December 8, 2016, BlackBerry announced the release of BlackBerry Secure. The Enterprise SDK allows developers to incorporate BBM Enterprise's messaging functionality into their applications. It was released to BlackBerry's partners on February 21, 2017, and officially launched on June 12, 2017. Also in February 2017, analyst firm 451 Research released a report on BlackBerry's improved financial position and product focus. The report identified BlackBerry's position in the Internet of Things and its device licensing strategy as strengths. The BBM Enterprise SDK was also highlighted, alongside several challenges still facing the company. The number of active BlackBerry users has increased over time. At the end of 2008, when Google Android first hit the market, RIM reported that the number of BlackBerry subscribers had increased to 21 million. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year ended March 3, 2012, RIM shipped 11. RIM's loss of market share accelerated in 2011, due to the rapidly growing sales of Samsung and HTC Android handsets; RIM's annual market share in the U. In the quarter ended June 28, 2012, RIM announced that the number of BlackBerry subscribers had reached 78 million globally. The company also announced the delay of the new BlackBerry 10 OS until the first quarter of 2013. After the release of the Apple iPhone 5 in September 2012, RIM CEO Thorsten Heins announced that the number of global users was up to 80 million, which sparked a 7% jump in shares. On December 2, 2012, the company reported a decline in revenue of 5% from the previous quarter and 47% from the same period the previous year. The global subscriber base of BlackBerry users declined slightly for the first time to 79 million, after peaking at an all-time high of 80 million the previous quarter. In September 2013, the company announced that its growing BBM instant messaging service will be available for Android and iPhone devices. BlackBerry stated that the service has 60 million monthly active customers who send and receive more than 10 billion messages a day. Goldman Sachs estimated that, in June 2014, BlackBerry accounted for 1 percent share of smartphone sales, compared to a peak of around 20 percent in 2009. With the release of its financial results for the first fiscal quarter of 2015 in June 2014, Chen presented a more stable company that had incurred a lower amount of loss than previous quarters. During the first quarter, the Company recognized hardware revenue on approximately 1. On June 30, 2011, an investor push for the company to split its dual-CEO structure was unexpectedly withdrawn after an agreement was made with RIM. On January 22, 2012, RIM announced that its CEOs Balsillie and Lazaridis had stepped down from their positions. They were replaced by. Heins hired investment banks RBC Capital Markets and JP Morgan to seek out potential buyers interested in RIM, while also redoubling efforts on releasing BlackBerry 10. On March 29, 2012, RIM announced a strategic review of its future business strategy that included a plan to refocus on the enterprise business and leverage on its leading position in the enterprise space. Therefore, we plan to build on our strength. Following the assumption of role as CEO, Heins made substantial changes to the company's leadership team. Changes included the departures of Chief Technology Officer David Yacht; Chief Operating Officer Jim Rowan; Senior Vice President of Software Alan Brenner; Chief Legal Officer, Karima Bawa; and Chief Information Officer Robin Bienfait. Following the leadership changes, Heins hired Kristian Tear to assume the role of Chief Operating Officer, Frank Boulben to fill the Chief Marketing Officer role and appointed Dan Dodge, the CEO of QNX, to take over as Chief Technology Officer. On July 28, 2012, Steven E. Zipperstein was appointed as the new Vice President and Chief Legal Officer. On March 28, 2013, Lazardis relinquished his position as vice chairman and announced his resignation from the board of directors. Later in the year, Heins was replaced by John S. Chen, who assumed the CEO role in the first week of November. Chen's compensation package mainly consists of BlackBerry shares—a total of 13 million—and he will be entitled to the entire number of shares after he has served the company for five years. Chen has a reputation as a 'turnaround' CEO, turning the struggling enterprise software and services organization into enough of a success to sign a merger with SAP in 2010. Chen was open about his plans for BlackBerry upon joining the company, announcing his intent to move away from hardware manufacturing to focus on enterprise software such as QNX, BlackBerry UEM, and AtHoc. In July 2011, the company cut 2,000 jobs, the biggest lay-off in its history and the first major layoff since November 12, 2002 when the company laid off 10% of its workforce 200 employees. The lay-off reduced the workforce by around 11%, from 19,000 employees to 17,000. On July 25, 2013, 250 employees from BlackBerry's research and development department and new product testing were laid off. The layoffs were part of the turnaround efforts. On September 20, 2013, BlackBerry confirmed that the company will have a massive layoff of 4,500 employees by the end of 2013. This would be approximately 40 percent of the company's workforce. BlackBerry had at its peak about 20,000 employees, but when CEO John Chen joined BlackBerry in 2013 there were additional layoffs in February 2015 to compete with , so the total employees numbered 6,225. On July 21, 2015, BlackBerry announced an additional layoff of an unspecified number of employees, with another 200 laid off in February 2016. As of August 2017, the company had 4,044 employees. In June 2011, RIM stock fell to its lowest point since 2006. On December 16, 2011, RIM shares fell to their lowest price since January 2004. Overall in 2011, the share price tumbled 80 percent from January to December, causing its market capitalization to fall below book value. This was due to analyst Kris Thompson's announcement that the new BB10 devices were expected to sell better than anticipated; along with raising the target stock price. On Wednesday, April 12, 2017, shares surged more than 19% as BlackBerry won an arbitration case against Qualcomm. Rumored Samsung buyout On January 14, 2015, in the final hour of trading in U. The article caused shares of BlackBerry to rally 30%. Later that evening, BlackBerry issued a press release denying the media reports. See Wikipedia's for suggestions. May 2013 BlackBerry OS Java The existing Java-based was intended to operate under much different, simpler conditions such as low powered devices, narrow network bandwidth, and high-security enterprises. However, as the needs of the mobile user evolved, the aging platform struggled with emerging trends like mobile web browsing, consumer applications, multimedia and touch screen interfaces. Users could experience performance issues, usability problems and instability. The company tried to enhance the aging platform with a better web browser, faster performance, a bundled application store and various touch screen enhancements, but ultimately decided to build a new platform with at its core. RIM's final major OS release before the release of , was , which was often criticized as dated and referred to as a temporary stopgap. BlackBerry Tablet OS QNX The was the first RIM product whose was built on QNX, launched in April 2011 as an alternative to the Apple. However, it was criticized for having incomplete software it initially lacked native email, calendaring and contacts and a poor app selection. It fared poorly until prices were substantially reduced, like most other tablet computers released that year Android tablets such as the and , and the. The received a major update in February 2012, as well as numerous minor updates. BlackBerry 10 QNX Main article: , a substantially updated version of intended for the next generation BlackBerry smartphones, was originally planned for release in early 2012. The company delayed the product several times, remembering the criticism faced by the BlackBerry Playbook launch and citing the need for it to be perfect in order to stand a chance in the market. The most recent model with this OS was the. Android Main articles: and In September 2015, BlackBerry announced the , a handset running Android 5. It is the first phone by the company not to run an in-house built operating system. BlackBerry's Android is almost stock Android, with their own tweaks to improve productivity and security. BlackBerry has implemented some of the features of BlackBerry 10 within Android like BlackBerry Hub, BlackBerry Virtual Keyboard, BlackBerry Calendar, BlackBerry Contacts app etc. On April 1, 2016, BlackBerry reported that it sold 600,000 phones in its fiscal fourth quarter, amid expectations of 750,000—800,000 handset sales for the first full quarter of reporting since the Priv's release. On July 26, 2016 a new, mid-range model with only an on-screen keyboard was introduced, the unusually slim , powered by the latest version of Android 6. BlackBerry chief security officer David Kleidermacher stressed data security during the launch, indicating that this model included built-in malware protection and encryption of all user information. By then, the , which used the OS, had been discontinued. In July 2016, industry observers expected the company to announce two additional smartphones over the subsequent 12 months, presumably also with the Android OS. The KEYone is the last phone designed in-house by BlackBerry. Through the years, particularly as the company evolved towards its new platform, BlackBerry has made numerous acquisitions of third-party companies and technology. BlackBerry acquired the company as a wholly owned subsidiary on July 11, 2006. The company continues to operate out of Waterloo. The Certicom includes over 350 patents and patents pending worldwide that cover key aspects of ECC : software optimizations, efficient hardware implementations, methods to enhance the security, and various cryptographic protocols. Certicom's current customers include , , , Research In Motion and. Research In Motion put in a counter-offer, which was deemed superior. VeriSign did not match this offer, and so Certicom announced an agreement to be acquired by RIM. Upon the completion of this transaction, Certicom became a wholly owned subsidiary of RIM, and was de-listed from the Toronto Stock Exchange on March 25, 2009. Dash Navigation In June 2009, RIM announced they would acquire , makers of the. Torch Mobile In August 2009, RIM acquired Torch Mobile, developer of , enabling the inclusion of a -based browser on their BlackBerry devices, which became the web browser in subsequent Java-based operating systems BlackBerry 6, BlackBerry 7 and operating systems QNX based BlackBerry Tablet OS and BlackBerry 10. The first product to contain this browser, the BlackBerry Torch 9800, was named after the company. Subsequently, the application which allows users to view and edit , and was bundled on BlackBerry Smartphones and tablets. Viigo On March 26, 2010, the company announced its acquisition of Viigo, a Toronto-based company that developed the popular Viigo for BlackBerry applications, which aggregated news content from around the web. Terms of the deal were not disclosed. QNX RIM reached an agreement with on April 12, 2010, for RIM to acquire QNX Software Systems. The acquired company was to serve as the foundation for the next generation BlackBerry platform that crossed devices. QNX became the platform for the and Smartphones. Mobile company TCL has since licensed the rights to the BlackBerry phone brand in many markets across the world. The Astonishing Tribe The Astonishing Tribe TAT , a user interface design company based in , Sweden, was acquired by the company on December 2, 2010. With a history of creating user interfaces and applications for mobile, TAT contributed heavily to the user experience of BlackBerry 10 as well as the development of its framework, Cascades. JayCut In July 2011, RIM brought on JayCut, a Sweden-based company that is an online video editor. JayCut technology was incorporated into the media software of BlackBerry 10. Paratek Microwave In March 2012, RIM acquired Paratek Microwave, bringing their adaptive RF Tuning technology into BlackBerry handsets. Newbay In July 2011, RIM acquired NewBay, an Irish-based company that is an online video, pics and tool for media networks editor. Scoreloop Main article: In 2011, Scoreloop was acquired by BlackBerry. On December 1, 2014, all Scoreloop services were shut down. Gist Gist was acquired in February 2011, by BlackBerry. Gist is a tool that helps users to organise and view all their contacts in one place. Gist's services closed down on September 15, 2012 in order for the company to focus on. Scroon Scroon was acquired in May 2013 by The French startup manages Facebook, Twitter and other social-media accounts for large clients like luxury-good maker LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA, wireless operator Orange SA ORA and Warner Bros. The deal was publicly announced in November 2013. Scroon is part of BlackBerry's strategy to profit from the instant-messaging service by utilizing the newly unveiled BBM Channels. Movirtu Movirtu was acquired in September 2014, by BlackBerry. Movirtu is a U. At the time of the acquisition BlackBerry announced they would expand this functionality beyond BlackBerry 10 to other mobile platforms such as Android and iOS. Secusmart Secusmart was acquired in September 2014. The German-based company was one of the steps to position BlackBerry as the most secure provider in the mobile market. Secusmart had the agreement to equip the German Government with high secure mobile devices that encrypt voice as well as data on BlackBerry 10 devices. Those phones are currently in use by Angela Merkel and most of the ministers as well as several Departments and the Parliament. WatchDox WatchDox was an Israel-based which specialized in securing access to documents on a cloud basis. BlackBerry acquired the company in April 2015. On December 8th, 2016, BlackBerry renamed WatchDox to BlackBerry Workspaces. AtHoc On Wednesday July 22, 2015, BlackBerry announced that it had acquired AtHoc, a provider of secure,. On December 8, 2016, it rebranded Good's products and integrated them into the BlackBerry Enterprise Mobility Suite, a set of tiered software offerings for its enterprise customers. Encription On Wednesday, February 24, 2016 BlackBerry acquired UK-based cyber security consultancy Encription. BlackBerry Unified Endpoint Manager UEM An platform that provides provisional and access control over smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktops with support for all major platforms including iOS, Android including Android for Work and Samsung KNOX , BlackBerry 10, Windows 10, and Mac OS. UEM formerly known as also acts as a unified management console and server for BlackBerry Dynamics, BlackBerry Workspaces, and BlackBerry 2FA. BlackBerry Dynamics Formerly Good Dynamics A platform that manages and secures app data through. The BlackBerry Dynamics suite of apps includes email, calendar, contacts, tasks, instant messaging, browsing, and document sharing. The BlackBerry Dynamics SDK allows developers to utilize the platform's security, and add functionality from BlackBerry's other solutions into their applications. BlackBerry Workspaces Formerly WatchDox An EFSS platform, Workspaces provides file-level controls alongside file synchronization and sharing functionality. BlackBerry 2FA Formerly Strong Authentication A two-factor, certificate-based VPN authentication solution that allows users to authenticate without requiring PINs or passwords. BBM Enterprise An IP-based enterprise instant messaging platform that provides end-to-end encryption for voice, video, and text-based communication. Said capabilities include secure messaging, voice, video, file sharing, and presence information. BlackBerry AtHoc An emergency communication system, AtHoc provides two-way messaging and notifications across a range of devices and platforms. On May 17, 2017, BlackBerry released AtHoc Account to help businesses more easily keep track of their staff in an emergency. SecuSUITE An anti-eavesdropping solution that provides voice, data, and SMS encryption. BlackBerry QNX A real-time embedded operating system, drives multiple software systems in modern auto vehicles, and forms the basis of solutions like BlackBerry Radar, an IoT-based asset tracking system for the transportation industry. Since the turn of the century, RIM has been embroiled in a series of suits relating to alleged patent infringement. Glenayre Electronics In 2001, Research In Motion sued competitor Glenayre Electronics Inc. The suit was ultimately settled in favour of RIM. Good Technologies In June 2002, Research In Motion filed suit against 2000 start-up and competitor. RIM filed additional complaints throughout the year. In March 2004, Good agreed to a licensing deal, thereby settling the outstanding litigation. Handspring On September 16, 2002, Research In Motion was awarded a patent pertaining to keyboard design on hand-held e-mail devices. Upon receiving the patent, it proceeded to sue over its device. Handspring eventually agreed to license RIM's patent and avoid further litigation in November of the same year. That reexamination was conducted separately to the court cases for infringement. In February 2006, the rejected all of NTP's claims in three disputed patents. NTP appealed the decision, and the reexamination process was still ongoing as of July 2006 See for details. On March 3, 2006, RIM announced that it had settled its BlackBerry patent dispute with NTP. The agreement eliminates the need for any further or relating to or. District of Hartford, Connecticut. The suit was filed in response to discussions about patents held by Xerox that might affect RIM's business and also asked that patents held by Xerox be invalidated. Visto On May 1, 2006, RIM was sued by Visto for infringement of four patents. Though the patents were widely considered invalid and in the same veins as the NTP patents — with a judgement going against Visto in the U. Motorola On January 22, 2010, requested that all BlackBerry smartphones be banned from being imported into the United States for infringing upon five of Motorola's patents. RIM countersued later the same day, alleging anti-competitive behaviour and that Motorola had broken a 2003 licensing agreement by refusing to extend licensing terms beyond 2008. The companies settled out of court on June 11, 2010. Eatoni On December 5, 2011, Research In Motion obtained an order granting its motion to dismiss plaintiff Eatoni's claims that RIM violated Section 2 of the and equivalent portions of New York's Donnelly Act. Eatoni alleged that RIM's alleged infringement of plaintiff's '317 patent constituted an antitrust violation. Research In Motion Corp. Mformation In July 2012, a U. On August 9, 2012, that verdict was overturned on appeal. Judge James Ware said Mformation failed to establish that RIM had infringed on the company's patent. Qualcomm On May 26, 2017, BlackBerry announced that it had reached an agreement with Qualcomm Incorporated resolving all amounts payable in connection with the interim arbitration decision announced on April 12, 2017. Following a joint stipulation by the parties, the arbitration panel has issued a final award providing for the payment by Qualcomm to BlackBerry of a total amount of U. According to BlackBerry Limited, Facebook has built swaths of its empire on the messaging technology which was originally invented by them during the time when the Facebook chief, was still living in a dorm room. Blackberry Limited alleges that many features of the Facebook messaging service infringe on Blackberry patents. This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's of the subject. Please into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. Furthermore, an internal review found that hundreds of stock-option grants had been backdated, timed to a low share price to make them more lucrative. Furthermore, the Ontario Securities Commission OSC has pushed for Balsillie to pay the bulk of any penalty and relinquish his seat on RIM's board of directors for a period of time. On February 5, 2009, several executives and directors of Research In Motion agreed to pay the penalties to settle an investigation into the backdating of stock options. The Ontario Securities Commission approved the arrangement in a closed-door meeting. Under the terms of a settlement agreement with the OSC, RIM co-chief executive officers Jim Balsillie and Mike Lazaridis, as well as chief operating officer Dennis Kavelman, will jointly pay a total of 68-million to RIM to reimburse the company for losses from the backdating and for the costs of a long internal investigation. Initially, Balsillie had stepped down from RIM's board of directors temporarily for a year and remained in his executive role. Balsille left the Board in January 2012 and stepped down from his executive role in March 2012. The guide ranks manufacturers according to their policies and practices to reduce their impact on the climate, produce greener products, and make their operations more sustainable. RIM appeared for the first time in 2011 with a score of 1. In the Energy section the company was criticized by Greenpeace for not seeking external verification for its data on greenhouse gas GHG emissions, for not having a clean electricity plan and for not setting a target to reduce GHG emissions. RIM performed badly in the Products category, only scoring points for the energy efficiency of its products as it reports that its BlackBerry charger gets the European Commission IPP 4-star rating. Meanwhile, on Sustainable Operations the company scored well for its stance on and received points for its Paper Procurement Policy and its mail-back programme for e-waste. Nevertheless, RIM was given no points for the management of GHG emissions from its supply chain. In its 2012 report on progress relating to , the rated RIM the sixth highest of 24 consumer electronics companies. Anonymous open letter to management On June 30, 2011, an alleged anonymous senior RIM employee penned an open letter to the company's senior management. The writer's main objective was getting co-CEOs Mike Lazaridis and Jim Balsillie to seriously consider his or her suggestions and complaints on the current state and future direction of the company. Service outages On October 10, 2011, RIM experienced one of the worst service outages in the company's history. 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